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An average kettle boils 1 liter of water in 3–5 minutes, with colder water, lower wattage, and limescale adding time.

Black coffee usually won’t break a fast; coffee with milk or sugar can pause fasting for a few hours.

Coffee can start leaving surface stains in days, while noticeable yellowing more commonly shows up after a few weeks of frequent sipping.

Coffee’s caffeine peaks in 30–60 minutes, then halves about every 3–7 hours, so traces can linger into the next day.

Sealed roasted coffee beans taste best for 2–12 weeks; stored cool and dry, they can still brew well for several months.

Ground coffee tastes best for about 1–2 weeks after opening when kept airtight, cool, and out of light; it keeps longer if it stays dry.

Opened coffee beans stay peak for 2–4 weeks, then fade; airtight, cool storage can stretch them to 2–3 months.

Coffee beans often taste fresh for 1–3 weeks after opening when kept airtight, cool, and away from light; freezing can stretch it.

An unopened, sealed bag keeps coffee beans drinkable through the best-by date, yet peak flavor is often in the first few weeks after roast.

Whole bean coffee can keep good flavor in the freezer for 1–3 months when sealed tight, portioned, and kept away from moisture.